Cov fwj iav tuaj nyob rau ntau yam qauv, los ntawm loj mus rau me me, thiab tau siv dav siv raws li ntim khoom, tshuaj, dej haus, thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam. Lub khob raj mis lub raj mis taw qhia tias nws tuaj yeem rov ua tau thiab rov qab siv dua, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov khw muag khoom zoo nkauj heev. The production process of glass includes processes such as batching, melting, forming, and annealing.

Cov khoom xyaw rau cov iav fwj yog hnyav raws li cov ntawv sau tsim cov khoom siv thiab cov yaum kom muaj ntau yam xyaw ua ke. Cov ntaub ntawv raw tseem ceeb rau cov iav suav nrog Quartz xuab zeb, limestin, felpspar, soda tshauv, boric acid, thiab lwm yam.

Lub hwj melting ntawm cov iav fwj cuam tshuam nrog cua sov npaj raw cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khaub ncaws zoo nkauj, kua dawb dawb. Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm lub cev thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg. Lub suab ntawm lub khob yog nqa tawm hauv qhov cub tawg.

Kev tsim ntawm lub khob iav yog hloov pauv cov kua melted ua kua rau hauv cov khoom lag luam nrog cov duab ruaj khov. Txoj kev tsim yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv cov kev ntsuas kub thiab qhov no yog qhov txheej txheem txias. Iav thawj zaug hloov chaw los ntawm cov kua viscous rau lub xeev yas, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau lub xeev khov.

Lub annealing ntawm iav fwj undergoes mob heev thiab cov duab hloov thaum lub sijhawm tsim, tawm hauv thermal kev ntxhov siab hauv lub khob. Qhov kev ntxhov siab thermal no yuav txo lub zog thiab thermal stability ntawm cov khoom iav. Lub khob raj mis lub raj mis taw qhia tias yog tias muaj kev sib cav ntawm tus kheej lossis lub sijhawm cia, thiab siv (feem ntau paub qab zib tawg).